Lamborghini
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For other uses, see Lamborghini (disambiguation).
  |
|
| Type | Fully owned subsidiary[1] |
|---|---|
| Industry | Automotive |
| Founded | October 30, 1963 |
| Founder(s) | Ferruccio Lamborghini |
| Headquarters | Sant'Agata Bolognese, Italy |
| Area served | Worldwide |
| Key people | Stephan Winkelmann, CEO Wolfgang Egger, Head of Design |
| Products | Automobiles |
| Production output |  1,227 units (2010) |
| Revenue | US$97.5 million (2002)[2] |
| Profit | US$18.1 million 2006[3] |
| Owner(s) | AUDI AG |
| Employees | 726 (2004)[2] |
| Parent | Volkswagen Group |
| Website | lamborghini.com |
listen)), is an Italian car manufacturer. The company was founded by manufacturing magnate Ferruccio Lamborghini in 1963, with the objective of producing a refined grand touring car to compete with established offerings from marques like Ferrari.The company's first models were released in the mid-1960s, and were noted for their refinement, power and comfort. Lamborghini gained wide acclaim in 1966 for the Miura sports coupé, which established mid-engine design as the standard layout for high-performance cars of the era. After a decade of rapid growth, hard times befell the company in the mid-1970s, as sales plunged in the wake of the 1973 world financial downturn and oil crisis. After going through bankruptcy and three changes in ownership, Lamborghini came under the corporate umbrella of the Chrysler Corporation in 1987. The American company failed to return the automaker to profitability and sold it to Indonesian interests in 1994. Lamborghini's lack of success continued through the 1990s, until the company was sold in 1998 to Audi, a subsidiary of the Volkswagen Group (a German automotive concern). Audi's ownership marked the beginning of a period of stability and increased productivity for Lamborghini, with sales increasing nearly tenfold over the course of the 2000s, peaking in record sales in 2007 and 2008. The world financial crisis in the late 2000s negatively affected luxury car makers worldwide, and saw Lamborghini's sales drop back to pre-2006 levels.
Assembly of Lamborghini cars continues to take place at the automaker's ancestral home in Sant'Agata Bolognese, where engine and automobile production lines run side-by-side at the company's single factory. Fewer than 3,000 cars roll off the production line each year. The flagship V12-powered Murciélago coupé and roadster were discontinued at the end of 2010. Its successor, the Lamborghini Aventador, was released on 28 February 2011.
Lamborghini Murciélago
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 |
|
| Manufacturer | Lamborghini |
|---|---|
| Production | 2001-2010 4,099 built[1] |
| Assembly | Sant'Agata Bolognese, Italy |
| Predecessor | Lamborghini Diablo |
| Successor | Lamborghini Aventador |
| Class | Sports car |
| Body style | 2-door coupé 2-door roadster |
| Layout | Mid-engine, four-wheel drive |
| Engine | 6.2 L V12 6.5 L V12 |
| Transmission | 6-speed manual 6-speed e-Gear semi-automatic |
| Wheelbase | 2,665 mm (104.9 in) |
| Length | 2002-06: 4,580 mm (180.3 in) 2007-10: 4,610 mm (181.5 in) |
| Width | 2002-06: 2,045 mm (80.5 in) 2007-10: 2,057 mm (81.0 in) |
| Height | 1,135 mm (44.7 in) |
| Curb weight | Dry weight: 1,650 kg (3,638 lb) 1,665 kg (3,671 lb) LP640 1,565 kg (3,450 lb) LP670-4 SV |
| Related | Lamborghini Reventón |
| Designer | Luc Donckerwolke |
A roadster version was introduced in 2004, followed by the updated LP 640 coupé and roadster and limited edition LP 650-4 Roadster. The final variation to wear the Murciélago nameplate was the LP 670-4 SuperVeloce, powered by the largest and final evolution of the historic Lamborghini V12 engine. Production of the Murciélago ended on November 5, 2010, with a total run of 4,099 cars.[4] Its successor, the Aventador, was released at the 2011 Geneva Motor Show.[5]
First generation
[edit] Murcielago
The first generation cars were produced between 2001 and 2006, and known simply as Murciélago, sometimes Murciélago VT. Their V12 engines produced just under 580 PS, or Pferdestärke (German: horse strength), a European unit to measure horsepower, and powered the car to 100 km/h (62 mph) in 3.8 seconds.[6] Subsequent versions incorporated an alphanumeric designation to the name Murciélago, which indicated their engine configuration and output. However, the original cars are never referred to as "LP 580s".
[edit] Murcielago Roadster
The Murciélago Roadster was introduced in 2004. Primarily designed to be an open top car, it employed a manually-attached soft roof as cover from adverse weather, but a warning on the windshield header advises the driver not to exceed 100 mph (160 km/h) with the top in place.[3] Designer Donckerwolke cited the B-2 stealth bomber, the Wally 118 WallyPower yacht, and architect Santiago Calatrava's Ciutat de les Arts i les Ciències in Valencia, Spain as his inspiration for the roadster's revised rear pillars and engine cover.[3][edit] Second Generation
[edit] Murcielago LP640
[edit] Murcielago LP640 Roadster
[edit] Murcielago LP670-4 SuperVeloce
The SuperVeloce's V12 produces 670 PS (493 kW; 661 hp) at 8000 rpm and 490 lb·ft (660 N·m) of torque at 6500 rpm, thanks to revised valve timing and upgraded intake system. The car's weight was also reduced by 220 lb (100 kg) through extensive use of carbon fiber inside and out. A new lighter exhaust system was also used. As a result of the extensive weight loss, the SV produces a power-to-weight ratio of 429 Bhp/long ton. Also standard were the LP 640's optional 15-inch carbon-ceramic disc brakes with 6 piston calipers. In its June 2009 issue, Car and Driver magazine estimated that the LP 670-4 SV was capable of accelerating to 62 mph (100 km/h) from a standing start in just 2.9 seconds and on to 124 mph (200 km/h) in 7.4 seconds. Subsequent testing by "Road and Track" revealed a 0-60 time of 2.8 seconds and a quarter mile time of 10.9 seconds at 129.4 miles per hour.[11] Lamborghini claims a top speed of 213 mph (343 km/h) when the car is fitted with an optional smaller spoiler, or 209 mph (336 km/h) with the standard Aeropack wing.[12]
According to Maurizio Reggiani, head of Lamborghini R&D, the LP 670-4 SV's steering was tuned for high-speed sensitivity. Production of the ultimate Murciélago was limited to 350 cars, and cost $450,000 (approximately £270,038 in 2009).
In April 2010, Lamborghini released a variant of the LP 670-4 called the SuperVeloce China Limited Edition. The car was offered for sale exclusively in China (with 12 retail outlets, China overtook Italy as Lamborghini's 2nd largest market after the USA), and is distinguished by special exterior markings.[13]
[edit] Limited Editions
[edit] 40th Anniversary Edition
[edit] LP 640 Versace
The Murciélago LP 640 Versace is a special limited edition of the LP 640 that was unveiled at the 2006 Paris Motor Show. Available in either white or black, only 20 were produced as both coupés and roadsters. Although the standard V12 engine was used, stylists from the Versace fashion house, and Lamborghini's Ad Personam program, collaborated to design custom interiors finished in two-toned Versace leather. Gianni Versace logo plaque.[15] Each unit came with matching Versace luggage, along with driving shoes, and gloves. A matching watch from Versace's Precious Items department was also made available to customers.[16][edit] LP 650-4 Roadster
In 2009, Lamborghini released a limited-run update of the Murciélago Roadster. The LP 650-4's increased engine output was rated at 650 PS (478 kW; 641 hp) and 490 lb·ft (660 N·m), allowing the car to reach 62 mph (100 km/h) in 3.4 seconds and achieve a top speed of 205 mph (330 km/h). Only available in Grigio Telesto gray with Arancio orange highlights, the color scheme was continued on the inside.[17][edit] Specifications
[edit] Engines
| Model | Engine | Power, Torque@rpm | Acceleration (seconds) | Top Speed | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0-60 mph | 0-100 mph | 0-150 mph | Quarter Mile | ||||
| Murciélago (2001–2005)[18] | 6.2 L V12 | 580 PS (427 kW; 572 hp), 649 N·m (479 lb·ft) | 3.5 | 8.3 | 21.4 | 11.7@122 mph | official: 205 mph
(330 km/h) |
| Murciélago LP 640[19] | 6,496 cc (6.496 L; 396.4 cu in) V12 | 640 PS (471 kW; 631 hp)@8000rpm, 490 lb·ft (660 N·m)@6000rpm | 3.3 | 7.5 | -- | 11.2@127 mph | official: 211 mph
(340 km/h) |
| Murciélago LP 640 Roadster[20] | 3.4 | 8.1 | 16.1 | 11.8@126 mph (203 km/h) (C&D) | official: 205 mph
(330 km/h) |
||
| Murciélago LP 650-4 Roadster[21] | 650 PS (478 kW; 641 hp), 490 lb·ft (660 N·m) | 3.4 | - | - | - | official: 205 mph
(330 km/h) |
|
| Murciélago LP 670-4 SuperVeloce | 670 PS (493 kW; 661 hp)@8000rpm, 490 lb·ft (660 N·m)@6500rpm | 3.2[22] | - | - | 10.9@130.4 (R&T) | official: 212 mph
(342 km/h), 209 mph (337 km/h) with Aeropack Wing |
|
[edit] Transmissions
| Model | Standard | Optional |
|---|---|---|
| Murciélago, Murciélago LP 640, Murciélago LP 670-4 SuperVeloce | 6-speed manual | 6-speed e-Gear |
[edit] Safety recall
In May 2010 in the United States, Lamborghini recalled 428 of its 2007–2008 Murciélago coupés and roadsters because of the possibility of weld failure on the fuel pump support inside the fuel tank, potentially leading to a fuel leak and possible fire.[23][24][edit] Motorsport
[edit] R-GT
In March 2007, the All-Inkl.com Racing Murciélago won the Zhuhai 2 Hours.
In April 2009, beating a Corvette C6-R, and Saleen S7-R, a Murciélago R-GT of the Russian IPB Spartak Racing Team won the GT1 class in the 1000 km de Catalunya, a LMS race. The drivers of the IPB Spartak Racing car were Russian, Roman Rusinov, and Dutch, Peter Kox. The Lamborghini made pole position, but was moved to the end of the grid due to some technical irregularities. They finished 2 laps ahead of the lead Corvette to take the second international win for a Ragin' Bull GT car.
[edit] RG-1 (2004-)
A version of the R-GT built for the Japanese Lamborghini Owners Club to compete in Japanese Super GT series (JLOC).[25] In March 2006, an RG-1 recorded the first victory ever for a Lamborghini when they earned a win in the GT300 class at the Super GT Suzuka 500 km.[edit] R-SV
[edit] Related development
[edit] Lamborghini Miura concept
Main article: Lamborghini Miura concept
In January 2006, a retro-styled Lamborghini Miura concept car, built of a Murciélago chassis, was announced at the Museum of Television & Radio and promoted at the Los Angeles Auto Show, although the car itself was not present at the show. Subsequently, Miura concept was officially debuted at the North American International Auto Show just two weeks later. It was the first design penned by Lamborghini design chief, Walter de'Silva, and commemorated the 40th anniversary of the 1966 introduction of the original Miura in Geneva.Lamborghini president and CEO, Stefan Winkelmann, rejected any possibility of the concept marking the Miura's return to production however, stating “The Miura was a celebration of our history, but Lamborghini is about the future. Retro design is not what we are here for. So we won’t do the Miura.”[26]
[edit] Lamborghini Reventón
Main article: Lamborghini Reventón
Debuted in 2007 at the Frankfurt Auto Show,[27]
the Lamborghini Reventón is a modified version of the Murciélago. The
car's mechanical underpinnings and engine are identical to those of the
Murciélago LP 640. However, the cosmetics are all unique. Interior and
exterior styling were inspired by stealth fighter design, taking cues
from aircraft such as the F-22 Raptor.
Only 21 units were built, of which one was retained by the factory to
be exhibited in the Lamborghini museum. Lamborghini also produced 15
units of a roadster version.[edit] Lamborghini Aventador
Main article: Lamborghini Aventador
The development of a successor to the Murciélago was widely
speculated in the motoring press as the supercar approached the end of
its first decade
in production. Spy photos published on the internet in January 2010
showed a camouflaged Lamborghini prototype undergoing winter testing.[28] In December 2010, Autocar
published a test drive of the new prototype, however, very little was
released. Even the name was a mystery up until it was reported that
Lamborghini registered the name "Aventador" with the U.S. trademark office.[29]At the 2011 Geneva Motor Show, Lamborghini revealed their new V12 flagship and Murciélago successor, the Aventador LP 700-4. The new super car utilizes a brand new 6.5 liter V12 engine producing 691 hp (700 PS; 515 kW). 0–62 mph (100 km/h) takes but a claimed 2.9 seconds. Top speed has been stated to exceed 217 mph (350 km/h). The Aventador will also be considerably lighter than the outgoing Murciélago, with a dry weight of just 3,472 lb (1,575 kg). The price of is expected to be around $380,000 (€260,000).[30]\
LAMBORGHINI MEGAFACTORIES
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